Much talk about languages is really only about how they look. But there is a core of a few concepts that practically all share, and that is the truly important part.
When learning a language and when using a language, let the various details fall into the background. Focus on thinking and building with the following:
And perhaps:
Practically all software is made of these. These are the ‘load-bearing mechanisms’. They constitute a virtual common meta-language.
If one thinks with these first, and realises them simply and straightforwardly in the particular language, the software becomes that much easier to understand and translate.